Food allergies can develop through eating, touching or inhaling specific foods that can trigger an immune response. In some people, a food allergy can cause severe symptoms or even a life-threatening reaction.
This guide outlines key information on food allergies, including the most common allergens, common symptoms, prevention methods, and how to respond in an emergency.
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Les « 9 grands » allergènes alimentaires courants
Les allergènes alimentaires les plus fréquents aux États-Unis sont appelés les « Big 9 ». Ils sont responsables de la majorité des réactions allergiques alimentaires :
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Conseils de prévention des allergies alimentaires
Si vous ou un membre de votre foyer souffrez d’une allergie alimentaire, prenez ces mesures pour réduire le risque de réaction :
- Know the “Big 9” Allergens.
- Avoid foods that can cause an allergic reaction.
- Read food labels carefully, even on familiar products.
- Store and label food allergens separately.
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling a food allergen and before preparing allergen-free meals.
- Prevent cross-contact!
Symptômes courants des allergies alimentaires
Les réactions allergiques peuvent être légères ou graves. Les symptômes peuvent inclure :
- Tingling or itching in the mouth
- Hives, itching or eczema
- Swelling of the lips, face, tongue, and throat or other parts of the body
- Belly pain, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting
- Wheezing, nasal congestion or trouble breathing
In Case of an Emergency
- Have an EpiPen or other auto-injector on hand to treat severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis.
- Seek emergency treatment if anaphylaxis symptoms develop (difficulty breathing, severe drop in blood pressure, rapid pulse, dizziness or lightheadedness).