Food allergies can develop through eating, touching or inhaling specific foods that can trigger an immune response. In some people, a food allergy can cause severe symptoms or even a life-threatening reaction.

This guide outlines key information on food allergies, including the most common allergens, common symptoms, prevention methods, and how to respond in an emergency.

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9 种常见食物过敏原

美国最常见的食物过敏原被称为“九大过敏原”。这些过敏原是造成大多数食物过敏反应的原因：

  • 牛奶
  • 蛋
  • 鱼
  • 贝类
  • 树坚果
  • 花生
  • 小麦
  • 大豆
  • 芝麻

食物过敏的预防技巧

如果您或您家中的某人患有食物过敏，请采取以下步骤来降低发生过敏反应的风险：

  • Know the “Big 9” Allergens.
  • Avoid foods that can cause an allergic reaction.
  • Read food labels carefully, even on familiar products.
  • Store and label food allergens separately.
  • Wash hands thoroughly after handling a food allergen and before preparing allergen-free meals.
  • Prevent cross-contact!

食物过敏的常见症状

过敏反应的严重程度各不相同。症状可能包括：

  • Tingling or itching in the mouth
  • Hives, itching or eczema
  • Swelling of the lips, face, tongue, and throat or other parts of the body
  • Belly pain, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting
  • Wheezing, nasal congestion or trouble breathing

In Case of an Emergency

  • Have an EpiPen or other auto-injector on hand to treat severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis.
  • Seek emergency treatment if anaphylaxis symptoms develop (difficulty breathing, severe drop in blood pressure, rapid pulse, dizziness or lightheadedness).