Food allergies can develop through eating, touching or inhaling specific foods that can trigger an immune response. In some people, a food allergy can cause severe symptoms or even a life-threatening reaction.

This guide outlines key information on food allergies, including the most common allergens, common symptoms, prevention methods, and how to respond in an emergency.

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Los 9 alérgenos alimentarios más comunes

Los alérgenos alimentarios más frecuentes en EE. UU. se conocen como los "9 Grandes". Estos son responsables de la mayoría de las reacciones alérgicas alimentarias:

  • Leche
  • Huevos
  • Pez
  • Mariscos
  • Frutos secos
  • Miseria
  • Trigo
  • soja
  • Sésamo

Consejos de prevención para las alergias alimentarias

Si usted o alguien en su hogar tiene una alergia alimentaria, tome estas medidas para reducir el riesgo de una reacción:

  • Know the “Big 9” Allergens.
  • Avoid foods that can cause an allergic reaction.
  • Read food labels carefully, even on familiar products.
  • Store and label food allergens separately.
  • Wash hands thoroughly after handling a food allergen and before preparing allergen-free meals.
  • Prevent cross-contact!

Síntomas comunes de las alergias alimentarias

Las reacciones alérgicas pueden variar de leves a graves. Los síntomas pueden incluir:

  • Tingling or itching in the mouth
  • Hives, itching or eczema
  • Swelling of the lips, face, tongue, and throat or other parts of the body
  • Belly pain, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting
  • Wheezing, nasal congestion or trouble breathing

In Case of an Emergency

  • Have an EpiPen or other auto-injector on hand to treat severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis.
  • Seek emergency treatment if anaphylaxis symptoms develop (difficulty breathing, severe drop in blood pressure, rapid pulse, dizziness or lightheadedness).